Advances in the Study of Intestinal Flora and Its Metabolites in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as an increasingly serious global public health problem, has become the largest chronic liver disease in China, with a global incidence rate of about 25%, and is increasing year by year. disease in China, with a global incidence rate of about 25%, and is increasing year by year. As an important disease in the liver, an increasing number of studies have confirmed the significant role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. There is a close structural and functional relationship between the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the liver. There is a close structural and functional relationship between the gut and liver due to the "gut liver axis". The gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as abnormal metabolism of bile acids (TBA), trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and other metabolites in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan (Trp), etc., can restrict and regulate the use of host cells by binding to corresponding receptor activated signaling pathways, thereby participating in the occurrence and development of NAFLD and affecting the process of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Studies have shown that probiotics can be used to regulate the gut microbiota to promote the treatment of NAFLD. This article mainly studies the relationship and mechanism between gut microbiota and NAFLD. relationship and mechanism between gut microbiota and related metabolites and the pathogenesis of NAFLD, providing new ideas for the prevention, delay NAFLD, providing new ideas for the prevention, delay, and treatment of NAFLD.